Àgbéyẹ̀wò Iṣẹ́ Ògúnwálé (2007) lórí Mofọ́lọ́jì Yorùbá

 

Àgbéyẹ̀wò Iṣẹ́ Ògúnwálé (2007) lórí Mofọ́lọ́jì Yorùbá

Credit: Prof L. O. Adewole

Yoruba for academic purpose

Ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá[1] ajórúkọ alákànpọ̀ Yorùbá ni iṣẹ́ Ògúnwálé (2007) dá lé lórí. Iṣẹ́ yìí fi yé wa pé ìpele ìtumọ̀ (semantics) àti ìhun ìpìlẹ̀ níṣẹ́ ṣe fún dídá orí àwọn ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá alákànpọ̀ mọ́. Èrò Ògúnwálé (2007) wà ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú èrò Spencer (1991) pé ọ̀rọ̀-orúkọ alákànpọ̀ ni àwọn ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá tí ọ̀rọ̀ inù wọn lè dá dúró gẹ́gẹ́ bíi ọ̀rọ̀ tí àbájáde ìkànpọ̀ wọn náà yóò dúró bíi ọ̀rọ̀, b.a., ọmọ ọwọ́, ilé-ìwé, abbl. Ní àtakò sí èrò Williams (1981) pé orí nínú ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá máa ń wà ní apá ọ̀tún, Ògúnwálé (2007) gbà pé apá òsì ní orí ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá Yorùbá máa ń wà, ìyẹn àwọn tó bá lórí. Èyí fi hàn, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àlàyé Ògúnwálé (2007), pé:

(i)     wúnrẹ̀n kan nínú àwọn wúnrẹ̀n inú ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá alákànpọ̀ Yorùbá lé jẹ́  orí fún ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá. Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tó lò fún irú àwọn ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá báyìí   hàn ni (43a).

                43ai. Ilé epo, ìgò omi, bárékè, ọlọ́pàá, àpò èlùbọ́, abbl.

     ii.        kòròfo ìṣáná, bàtà aláwọ, ilé ìfowópamọ́sí, gbọ̀ǹ̀gàn ìgbẹ́jọ́, abbl.

(ii)    ọ̀kankan nínú àwọn wúnrẹ̀n inú ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá alákànpọ̀ Yorùbá lé máa   jẹ́ orí fún ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá. Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tó lò fún irú àwọn ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá báyìí   hàn ni (43b).

        43b.  ìwé ẹ̀rí, òkú ọ̀lẹ, òkú ìgbẹ́, ẹ̀rí ọkàn, ọmọ ọmú. abbl.

 

(iii)   bí a bá rí wúnrẹ̀n méjì tó kópa nínú ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá alákànpọ̀, wúnrẹ̀n     méjéèjì yìí ni yóò jẹ́ orí fún àwọn ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá bẹ́ẹ̀. Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tó lò    fún irú àwọn ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá báyìí hàn ni (43d).

        43d.  i.      àfèmi-àfèmi, torí-torí, abbl.

                ii.     páálí páálí, kọ́bọ̀-kọ́bọ̀, lápò-lápò, abbl.

Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá tó wà ní (i-iii) lókè yìí, Ògúnwálé (2007) ṣe àfihàn àwọn ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá alákànpọ̀ kan tó pè ní:

(iẹ)     ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá alákànpọ̀ alálàjẹ́ (appositiẹe compounds), f.a.,

        43e.  àṣà àwòdì, ẹ̀wà àdàlú, iṣu ègbodò, ẹran àgùntàn, abbl.

(ẹ)      ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá alákànpọ̀ oníbàátan (genitiẹal compounds), f.a.

        43ẹ.  ẹ̀rọ owó, ọkọ òfurufú, ìyàwó ọ̀lẹ̀lẹ̀, abbl.

Tí a bá wo àpẹẹrẹ àwọn ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá alákànpọ̀ tó wà ní (i), (ii), (iẹ) àti (ẹ) tí àwọn àpẹẹrẹ (43a), (43b), (43e) àti (43ẹ) ń tọ́ka sí, a ó ri pé íhun wọn kò yàtọ̀, èyí fi hàn pé bákan náà ló yẹ kí àlàyé wọn rí àti pé ìsọ̀rí wọn kò yẹ kí ó yàtọ̀ bí Ògúnwálé (2007) ṣe yà wọ́n sọ́tọ̀. Bákan náà, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá  tó wà ní (iii) tí àpẹẹrẹ (43ẹ) ń tọ́ka sí jẹ mọ́ àpètúnpè ju ìkànpọ̀ lọ.

Ògúnwálé (2007) lo ìpele ìtumọ̀ (semantics) fún àlàyé lórí orí nínù àwọn ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá alákànpọ̀ tó wà ní 43(a-ẹ). Ó ní bí a bá rí ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá alákànpọ̀ bí erinmi (44a), a óò ri pé àbùdá àwọn ọmọ-inú (erin àti omi) kò bá ra mu, bí irú èyí bá ṣẹlẹ̀, ọ̀kan nínú wọn gbọ́dọ̀ jẹ orí ṣùgbọ́n níbi tí àbùdá àwọn ọmọ-inù ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá bá ti jọra, èyí túmọ̀ sí pé ọ̀kankan nínu wọn kò lè jẹ orí.

Nígbà tí àbùdá àwọn ọmọ-inú ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá alákànpọ̀ kò bá jẹ mọ́ ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá, irú ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá báyìí ni Ògúnwálé (2007) gbà pé ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan nínú àwọn ọmọ inú yìí lè dá orí ṣe nínú irú àwọn ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá bẹ́ẹ̀, f.a.

        44d.  panápaná

Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àlàyé Ògúnwálé (2007) ṣe fi hàn, àwọn àpẹẹrẹ (45a) àti (43ẹ) yóò jẹ́ alórí nígbà tí (43b) àti (43e) jẹ aláìlórí. Irú àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tó wà ní (43d) ni wọn jẹ́ ajọlórí (ajọ-ni-orí).

        Lójú Ògúnwálé (2007), ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá bíi jagunjagun jẹ́ ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá ajọ-ni-orí. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àti APIṢ (jagun) àti APIṢ kejì (jagun) ni wọ́n jẹ́ orí fún ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá bíi jagunjagun. Àkíyèsí wa ni pé tí a bá fojú ìhun wo jagunjagun, APIṢ ni jagun àkọ́kọ́ àti èkejì ṣùgbọ́n OR ni jagunjagun tí a fi àwọn APIṢ yíì ṣẹ̀dá. Bí jagunjagun bá wá jẹ́ OR, ó yẹ kí á rí àbùdá OR lára rẹ̀, kò sì sí ọ̀kankan nínú àwọn APIṢ yìí tí ó lè fún un ní àbùdá yìí. Ohun tí a gbà pé yóó ṣe èyí ni mọ́fíìmù òfo (ja ogun → jagun → jagunjagun →  Æ + jagunjagun → jagunjagun(OR)). Èyí fi hàn pé ìlànà ìṣẹ̀dá-ọ̀rọ̀ fún jagunjagun (OR) jẹ́ ìlànà ìṣẹ̀dá-ọ̀rọ̀ aláìlámì àti pé àlàyé Ògúnwálé (2007) lórí irú àwọn ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá wọ́nyí kò kún tó.

        Mọfọ́lọ́jì ni iṣẹ́ Ògúnwálé (2007) yìí jẹ mọ́ ju ṣùgbọ̀n ó ṣe àmúlò síńtáàsì àti sẹ̀máńtíìkì. Ìlànà kan ló jẹ mọ́ nínú ìlànà tí à ń gbà ṣẹ̀dá ọ̀rọ̀ Yorùbá. Èyí ni ìlànà ìkànpọ̀. Ògúnwálé (2007) kò fi ìlànà àbùdá tó jẹ mọ́ ìtumọ̀ yìí ṣàlàyé orí àwọn ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá alákànpọ̀ tí ọmọ inú wọn ju ọ̀rọ̀ méjì lọ (ọ̀dọ́ + ọmọ + ọkùnrin → ọ̀dọ́mọkùnrin). Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìlànà yìí kojú ìṣòro láti ṣàlàyé irú ọ̀rọ̀ báyìí. Bákan náà, Ògúnwálé (2007) kò ṣàlàyé bí ìlànà àbùdá ajẹmọ́ ìtumọ̀ yìí yóò ṣe ṣàlàyé orí fún ọ̀rọ̀-aṣẹ̀dá alákànpọ̀ tí àbùdá méjì tàbí ẹyọ kan papọ̀, tí méjì tàbí ẹyọ kan sí tako ara.

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[1] Raji Lateef Olatunji ló kọ bébà yìí